Which of the following is important for Leukocyte recruitment in lesion shown below in image.
[A] IL-1
[B] IL-2
[C] IFN-Gamma
[D] TGF-Beta
Answer = [A] IL-1 (Ref: Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease 9th Edition Page 496)
The lesion (gross) shown by arrrow denote fatty streaks with corresponding HPE ie foam cells inside the intima. Foam cells are lipid laden cells derived from either of these > Smooth muscles cells/Tissue macrophages/Blood monocytes.
Fatty streaks >> Are the earliest lesion of atherosclerosis. It start as yellow flat spots measuring < 1mm and these gradually progress to atheromatous plaque formation.
Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is best explained by the ‘Response to Injury Hypothesis’.
“Chronic inflammation play important role in initiation and progression of atherosclerotic lesions. At these sites Inflammasome mediated production of the pro inflammatory IL-1 cytokine which serves to recruit leukocytes, including monocytes to sites of fatty streaks. Monocyte Adhesion [et Fatty streak ------------- & Diapedesis ;
Intima / LOL | ey 7% Foam Cells ee Se Macrophage »
Cytokine »
XX <= # Ca) pam Cytokine Proliferation *=| Smooth muscle
PN —— T-cell = cell migration - eo = NT” =” —
Smooth muscle cells