The commonest cause of breathing difficulty after tracheostomy is:

UK PLAB 1
#1

  1. The commonest cause of breathing difficulty after tracheostomy is:
    a. Pneumonia.
    b. Obstruction of the tube by secretion.
    c. Surgical emphysema.
    d. Pneumothorax.

  2. Laryngeal lesions are investigated by:
    a. CT.
    b. MRI.
    c. Endoscopy & biopsy.
    d. All of the above.

  3. Singer’s nodules:
    a. Localized epithelial hyperkeratosis on the free edge of the vocal cord.
    b. Premalignant nodules.
    c. Chronic infectious granuloma.
    d. Allergic nodules.

  4. The site of singer`s nodules is:
    a. At the epiglottis.
    b. At the junction of the anterior 1/3 with posterior 2/3 of the vocal cords.
    c. At the arytenoids.
    d. Non of the above.

  5. Leucoplakia of the larynx is:
    a. Epithelial hyperplasia.
    b. Epithelial hypertrophy.
    c. Epithelial degeneration.
    d. Non of the above.