Q-1. Features of catatonia A/E
a) Akathisia
b) Akinesia
c) Ambivalence
d) Ambitendency
Answer: Akathisia
Explanation:
Features of catatonia:
Mutism
Immobility
Negativism
Waxy flexibility
Ambitendency, Ambivalence
Echolalia, Echopraxia
Grimacing
Q-2. Overwhelming sense of responsibility and uncertainty is the feature of
a) Generalized anxiety disorder
b) Personality disorder
c) OCD
4) Phobia
Answer: OCD
Explanation:
Obsessive-compulsive disorder:
Overestimation of treat of danger and exaggerated sense of responsibility for harm
Intolerance of uncertainty, again linked to exaggerated sense of responsibility
Biased attention to cues signaling potential for harm
Checking signs of harm
Reassurance seeking
Safety behavior and avoidance
Recurrent worry
Q-3. A person with histrionic, shy, avoidant personality comes under which cluster
a) A
b) B
c) C
d) D
Answer: B
Explanation:
Personality Disorders:
The ten different personality disorders can be grouped into three clusters based on descriptive similarities within each cluster. These clusters are:
Cluster A: Odd and eccentric cluster
Paranoid personality disorder
Schizoid personality disorder
Schizotypal personality disorder
Cluster B: Dramatic, emotional and erratic cluster
Antisocial personality disorder
Borderline personality disorder
Histrionic personality disorder
Narcissistic personality disorder
Cluster C: Anxious and fearful cluster
Avoidant personality disorder
Dependent personality disorder
Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
Q-4. Key symptom of alcohol withdrawal is
a) Visual hallucination
b) Muscle cramps
c) Tremor
d) Sleep disturbance
Answer: Tremor
Explanation:
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome:
Autonomic hyperactivity (e.g., sweating or tachycardia)
Increased hand tremor
Insomnia, nausea or vomiting
Transient visual, tactile, or auditory hallucination
Psychomotor agitation
Anxiety
Delirium tremens
Q-5. A young man comes with history of abnormal excessive blinking and grunting. He says he has no control over his symptoms which have risen in frequency. This has started affecting his social life making him depressed. Which of the following medications should be used in him?
a) Carbamazepine
b) SSRIs
c) Risperidone
d) Imipramine
Answer: Risperidone
Explanation:
Tic disorder:
A “tic” is an involuntary movement or vocalization that is brief, repetitive, stereotyped but non rhythmical in character, frequently imitating normal behavior.
Treatment:
Cognitive behavioral therapy
Alpha adrenergic agonists such as clonidine or guanfacine
Atypical antipsychotic including Risperidone and Aripiprazole may be tried before the typical antipsychotic agents.
When a typical antipsychotic is required, haloperidol is generally regarded as the drug of choice.
Q-6. A patient with psychosis who is given haloperidol IM, developed irrelevant talks, inability to move his eyes, tremor and rigidity. Which drug should be used for immediate management?
a) Promethazine
b) Lorazepam
c) Risperidone
d) Diazepam
Answer: Promethazine
Explanation:
Drug induced Parkinsonism includes rigidity, tremor, and bradykinesia.
Treatment options for management of drug induced Parkinsonism:
Dosage reduction
Switching to other antipsychotic agents
Use of anti-Parkinsonian drugs such as anti-cholinergic agents and Amantadine
Benzodiazepines
Dopamine agonists
Important point:
Promethazine is useful in rapidly controlling acute drug induced dystonia.
Q-7. A woman comes to the psychiatrist with history of spending a lot of time in washing her hands. She is distressed about it but says that she cannot stop the practice and spends a lot of time on it. This has started affecting her social life as well. What is the best mode of treatment in her?
a) Cognitive behavioral therapy
b) Exposure and response prevention
c) Systematic desensitization
d) Progressive desensitization
Answer: Exposure and response prevention
Explanation:
Obsessive compulsive disorder:
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by recurrent, intrusive, and distressing thoughts, images, or impulses (ie, obsessions) and repetitive mental or behavioral acts that the individual feels driven to perform (ie, compulsions) to prevent or reduce distress.
Treatment of OCD:
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
Serotonin–nor-epinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)
Clomipramine
Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)
Components of CBT for OCD:
Education
Cognitive therapy techniques
Exposure therapy
Response prevention
Q-8. A smoker is worried about the side effects of smoking. But he doesn’t stop smoking thinking that he smokes less and takes a good diet. This thinking is called as
a) Self exempting belief
b) Self protection belief
c) Schema distortion
d) Cognitive belief
Answer: Self exempting belief
Explanation:
Self-exempting beliefs or cognitive dissonance-reducing beliefs:
Self-exempting beliefs act as a shield for smokers, giving them false reassurance and allowing them to avoid thinking deeply about the importance of quitting.
A large majority of smokers have the belief that ‘it will never happen to me’. For example, someone who runs every day and does not drink alcohol may think that they have less chance of developing lung cancer than the next smoker because their lifestyle ‘balances out’ the cigarettes.
Q-9. 35 year old female has difficulty in repetition, and mild impairment in naming objects. Fluency, auditory comprehension, reading and writing all are preserved. Type of aphasia
a) Conduction
b) Verbal apraxia
c) Anomic
d) Trans-cortical motor aphasia
Answer: Conduction
Explanation:
Conduction aphasia:
Conduction aphasia is usually defined as a language disturbance characterized by relatively fluent spontaneous speech, good comprehension, but poor repetition associated with abundant phonological paraphasias.
Patients with conduction aphasia may also have:
Impairments in naming
Reading disturbances
Writing disturbances
Ideo-motor apraxia
Important point:
Damage typically involves the arcuate fasciculus and the left parietal region.