Q-51. Best contraceptive for newly married healthy couple
a) Barrier method
b) IUCD
c) Oral contraceptive pills
d) Natural methods
Answer: Oral contraceptive pills
Explanation:
Oral contraception (birth control pills) is the best method for newly married healthy couple.
IUCD is not prescribed in nulliparous due to increased risk of PID and infertility.
Q-52. Nested case control study is a type of
a) Retrospective study
b) Prospective study
c) Descriptive study
d) Cross-sectional study
Answer: Retrospective study (?)
Explanation:
A nested case-control study is a special type of case-control study (Retrospective study) in which ‘cases’ of a disease are drawn for the same cohort (population of people) as the controls to which they are compared. These studies are sometimes called case-control studies nested in a cohort or case-cohort studies.
Q-53. Treatment of choice for sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis detected in first trimester of pregnancy
a) Defer till second trimester
b) Start cat I immediately
c) Start cat II immediately
d) Start cat III immediately
Answer: Start cat I immediately
Explanation:
Sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis→ (Cat I)
First line drug can be safely used in pregnancy except streptomycin (Oto-toxicity)
Second line drugs are not recommended in pregnancy.
Breast feeding is not contraindicated in women using ATT.
Q-54. All of the following are approaches to health education
a) Service approach
b) Regulatory approach
c) Health education approach
d) Mass media
Answer: Mass media
Explanation:
Approaches to health education:
Service approach
Regulatory approach
Health education approach
Primary health care approach
Q-55. Best test to detect iron deficiency in community
a) Transferrin
b) Serum ferritin
c) Serum iron
d) Hemoglobin
Ans: Serum ferritin
Explanation:
Serum ferritin:
In the setting of anemia, low serum ferritin is the most specific lab test for iron deficiency anemia. However it is less sensitive, since its levels are increased in the blood by infection or any type of chronic inflammation.
It predicts hepatic iron content to 95%. Unlike serum iron levels, serum ferritin value is not affected by recent iron therapy.
The single most sensitive tool for evaluating iron status in community
Q-56. The vitamin A supplement administered in “Prevention of Nutritional Blindness in Children Program” contains
a) 25, 000 IU/ml
b) 1 Lakhs IU/ml
c) 3 Lakhs IU/ml
d) 5 Lakhs IU/ml
Ans: 1 Lakhs IU/ml
Explanation:
The amount of Vitamin A supplement administered in “Prevention of nutritional blindness in children Programme” is – 2 lakhs IU (2 ml) in a single massive dose after every 6 months to preschool children.
Each ml of vitamin contains 1 lakh IU.
Q-57. Multi-purpose worker scheme in India was initiated following the recommendation of:
a) Srivastava Committee
b) Bhore Committee
c) Kartar Singh Committee
d) Mudaliar Committee
Ans: c
Explanation:
KARTAR SINGH COMMITTEE (1973):
This committee, headed by the Additional Secretary of Health and titled the “Committee on multipurpose workers under Health and Family Planning” was constituted to form a framework for integration of health and medical services at peripheral and supervisory levels. Its main recommendations were:
Various categories of peripheral workers should be amalgamated into a single cadre of multipurpose workers (male and female).
The erstwhile anxiliary nurse midwives were to be converted into MPW (F) and the basic health workers, malaria surveillance workers etc. were to be converted to MPW (M).
The work of 3-4 male and female MPWs was to be supervised by one health supervisor (male or female respectively).
The existing lady health visitors were to be converted into female health supervisor.
One Primary Health Centre should cover a population of 50,000. It should be divided into 16 sub-centres (one for 3000 to 3500 population) each to be staffed by a male and a female health worker.
Q-58. World Health Organization defines adolescent age between
a) 10-19 years of age
b) 10-14 years of age
c) 10-25 years of age
d) 9-14 years of age
Ans: 10-19 years of age
Explanation:
Adolescents – young people between the ages of 10 and 19 years
Q-59. The extra energy allowances needed per day during pregnancy is
a) 150 Kcals
b) 200 Kcals
c) 300 Kcals
d) 550 Kcals
Answer: 300 Kcals
Explanation:
Energy allowances (kcal) for women performing moderate activity
Women (Normal) = 2200
Pregnancy = 2200 + 300 = 2500
Lactation
1st 6 months = 2200 + 550 = 2750
6-12 months = 2200 + 400 = 2600
Q-60. Least common complication of measles is
a) SSPE (Sub acute sclerosing pan-encephalitis)
b) Pneumonia
c) Otitis media
d) Kerato-malacia
Answer: SSPE (Sub acute sclerosing pan-encephalitis)
Explanation:
The most serious complications include encephalitis, blindness, severe diarrhoea and related dehydration, ear infections, or severe respiratory infections such as pneumonia.
SSPE (sub-acute sclerosing pan-encephalitis)
SSPE is a very rare, but fatal degenerative disease of the central nervous system that results from a measles virus infection acquired earlier in life.
The first signs of SSPE may be changes in personality, a gradual onset of mental deterioration and myoclonia (muscle spasms or jerks).
The diagnosis of SSPE is based on signs and symptoms and on test results, such as typical changes observed in electroencephalographs, an elevated anti-measles antibody (IgG) in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid, and typical histologic findings in brain biopsy tissue.